Full-stack photonics supply chain for AI-scale optical interconnect — optical transceiver OEMs and contract assemblers (Coherent, Lumentum, AAOI, Fabrinet), the three dominant China-based AI transceiver suppliers ramping 800G/1.6T volume for hyperscalers (Zhongji Innolight, Eoptolink, Accelink), co-packaged optics and photonic IC platforms (POET, Lightwave Logic, Marvell), photonic/RF ICs for optical transport — TIAs, laser drivers, PIN diodes (MACOM), coherent networking systems (Ciena, Nokia including its acquired Infinera optical portfolio), high-power laser and semiconductor-optical-amplifier sources for co-packaged and near-packaged optics (Sivers Semiconductors, Aeva), CPO test and validation — critical because an optical engine sealed inside a switch package cannot be field-replaced (Keysight), and precision photonic sensing and emitter components including InGaAs detectors, avalanche photodiodes, and laser diodes (Hamamatsu Photonics) — serving the 800G/1.6T transceiver ramp and the co-packaged optics transition at hyperscale AI data centers, now being standardised through the Open Compute Project's Open Silicon Photonics for AI Systems workstream.